Typewrjting machine



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LOUIA. NEMCOVSKY, F NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPEWRITING- MACHINE.

Application led December 19, 1922. Serial No. 607,766.

To all vwhom t muy concern:

Re it known that I, LOUIS A. NEMoovsKY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city.` in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriting Machines, of Whichthe following is a specification,

My present invention relates to typewriting mechanisms and has its more specilic application to typewriters of the portable variety in which 'the parts of the mechanism are particularly light and compactly arranged to be conveniently carried in a Ysmall box or case. y

Ina preferred application, my typewritiiag machine comprises sub-assemblies veasily put together toassemble the complete typewriter. In a preferred embodiment, the type levers, connecting linkage and type bars are mounted on a base frame. To the base frame is attached a sub-assembly comprisingy standards, a segment plate .connected therebetween upon which the universal bar is mounted, said sub-assembly preferably ycarrying the ribbon spools and the automatic operating mechanism therefor.r Preferably the ribbon spools are disposed at the sides of the machine in parallel vplanes'and on studs protruding :troni` the sub-assembly frame.

Th(` invention is an'improvement upon thatv of kmy copending application, Serial No. 589,571, filed Sept. 21, 1922.

In the accompanying drawingsin which is shown, yone yofkvarious possible embodiments of the several features of the invention, l

Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly broken away of the assembled mechanism,

Fig, 2 isa mechanism, Y v

Figis an endelevation. partly in section of the line` spacing mechanism set for single space,

Fig; 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3, showing the relation of the parts when operat- 'Fig 5 isa viewl similar tov Figs. 3 and 4, showing the device set vfor double spacing,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view with parts broken away of one end of the ribbon re verse mechanism, taken alongy the line 6-6 of Fig. l, i A

Fig; 7v is a plan view ofthe -construction of F igi' 6,

plan view ofthe line spacing Fig, 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, on a larger scale, showing the ribbon advancing mechanism,

Fig. 9 is a plan view illustrating the ribbon mounting means,

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view partly in section. illustrating the tabulating mechanism, j

Fig. 11 is a transverse sectional view on an enlarged: scale of the spool holder,

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line 12-12 of Fig. 11,

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line 13-1'3 of Fig. 11,

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 11 of a modilied form of spool holder,

Fig, 15 is a plan view'of the platen,'illus trating vthe bell and margin release mechanism,

Fig. 15a is a sectional View taken along the line 15a-15a of Fig. 15,

Fig. 16 is an end elevationfthereof, and

Figlis a detail view of the paper clip.

Similar reference characters refer to simi-Y lar parts throughout the several viewsof the drawings. y

.The present application is a continuation in part and an improvement upon that disclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 589,571, iled September `21. 1922, in which the general arrangement of the parts ofthe vmachine are claimed. The *claims herein are conlinedto thel improved ycasing or frame structure, and to the associated ribbon reverse mechanism.

The line yspacer mechanism', the ribbon shi-ft mechanism and the bell and marginal release mechanism are claimed in mycopending application, Serial No. 726,063, filed Ju1y15, 1924. y

Referring now to the drawings, I have shown a typewriting mechanism including a base frame 19 provided with" a unitary stamped enclosure formed of enclosure side to said frame in the familiar manner as by screws not shown.l

Within the base frame are'supported the key levers 22, type bars 23, case shift mechanism 24 and other elements which needV not .be fully shown nor described in detail, as

walls 2O and a top 21 said enclosure secured on a separateor secondary frame structure upon which are carried the ribbon spools and the ribbon reverse mechanism. -In the preferred embodiment, the secondary trame structure comprises a pair of identical spool supporting standards 26 secured together in a unitary structure by the segment plate 27, which is connectedV at opposite ends to the standards, as by screws 28. The universal bar 42 is mounted on the segment plate in a manner not material to the invention claimed herein, but fully shown in m ycopending application above refered to. ach of the standards 26 includes an integral lateral spider 29 in a vertical plane, provided with a projecting horizontal spool holding stud 30 clamped in place by a nut 31, the lat-ter contacting the ribbon feedinr ratchet wheel 32 formed integral or rigif with the stud 30. The standards 26 are eachl provided with integral support lugs 33 superposed over the lugs 25 on the base and secured in place as by screws 34 to maintain the secondary frame structure in position.

The ribbon spools are thus lodged in vertical planes at the sides of the machine, and preferably in corresponding arcuate recesses 35 in the enclosure 20, as best shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The standards 26 are provided with cover plates 36 rigidly attached thereto and extending substantially flush with the top of cover 21, affording slits 37 for the ribbon 38, ribbon anchoring hooks 39 being provided Aon said cover plates for directing the ribbon to and from the frame 40 at which the type strikes. The ribbon is vibrated by mechanism. shown in my copending application above referred to.

Ribbon reverse mechanism..

This mechanism isof the general type disclosed in my copending application above referred to, modified, however, for adaptation to the position of the ribbon spools in vertical rather than in horizontal planes. Each ratchet wheel 32 is. operated through an asv sociated pawl 41 actuated from the universal y screw 44 to a lug 45 integral bar 42 for effecting the step by step advance. For this purpose, each of the pawls is provided with anintegral lug, 43, pivoted as by with the universal bar 42, and maintained in coaction with ratchet wheel 31 by a coil spring 46 anchored to the universal bar lug 45. A detentpawl 47 is also provided for each ratchet wheel, pivoted as at 48 to the spider 29 and maintained in coaction with the ratchet wheel by a ooil spring 50 anchored as at 51 to the spider frame, said detent pawl having a nose 52 extending over the coresponding actuating pawlv 4l. In the preferred embodiment, I employ a, control ar 53 extending transversely across the machine and having a short slot 54 near each end through which extends a fixed in 55 ,to limit the displacement of the ar through a short range in the order of i, so

that in one position, it will effect operative pawl connection for drivin one of the spools, while the other is id e, and in the other position the driving relations willbo reversed. The control bar is provided near each end with an integral cam tongue 56 which upon shift of the control bar-toward the right from the position of Fig. 6 will pass under and raise the corresponding pawl 41 and the latter will raise detent pawl 47 to disconnect the driving transmission for the associated spool, the opposite pawls being concurrently disengaged by the corresponding cam tongue near the other end of the control bar, so that the associated springs will bring the -latter pawls into driving relation with the opposite spool ratchet wheel.

Means is provided associated with the spools for determining the position of the control bar. This mechanism includes at each spool, a pivoted stud 57 mounting an arm 58 provided with a feeler roller 59 at its free end and pressed by the action` of a coil spring 60 encirclinor stud 57 against the ribbon on the spool Movable with the stud 57 is a. double arm element through which the reversing action is accomplished, when 'the ribbon on the associated spool reaches a predetermined diameter. In the path of arm 61 for actuation thereby is a bar shifting arm 62 pivoted as at 63 to the standard 26 land having a coil spring 64 thereabout, the free end of which presses against a stud 65 on the control bar 53, to shift the latter toward the right. In the path of an integral upstandin lug 66 on the other. stud arm 67 is a locking pawl 68 having a, tooth 69 pressed by a. coil spring 70 against the edge of the control bar 53. The control bar has a locking notch 7l near each end into which tooth 69 of the corresponding locking awl is automatically llO snapped by spring O, when aligned therewith.

The. operation will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 1, 6 and 7. The parts being in the relative position shown in Fig. 6, as the universal bar 42 moves forward upon striking of a key, the pawl 41 carried thereby, advances therewith and steps ratchet wheel 32, and with it spool S forward to click past detent pawl 47, which holds the ratchet wheel against return, while the pawl 41 returns with the universal bar and clicks over the ratchet wheel. The pawl and detent pawl for operating the opposite spool (not shown) are, of course, held in yinoperative position by disengagement of the corresponding cam tongue (not shown) while spool S is being advanced, so that the ribbon is transferred,

amarte as is readil understood, by a stepY by step movement rom the right-hand to the lefthand spool. lt will be noted that locking pawl 68 is out of alignment. with the locking notch 7l at the left and, of course, in alignment at the right-hand spool. However, as the -diameter of the ribbon on the righthand spool decreases, the corresponding stud 57 is rotated by its coil spring 60 to maintain the feeler in contact therewith and to depress the corresponding arm 67, the lug 66 of which dcpresses the corresponding locking pawl 68 to free thecontrol bar. Ets the ribbon is rolled upon spool S, the arm 58 is forced outward against the resistance of spring 60, rotating with it the stud 57 and the stud arms 61 and 67 about their common axis, until, when a predetermined diameter is reached, the arm 62 will be deflected .by arm 61 to an extent sufficient to shift the control bar 53 through spring 64 until the locking pawl 6 snaps into notch 71 on the control bar. 'll e'caxn tongue 56 in this shitting action passes under pawl 41 and raises it out of engagement with ratchet wheel 32, and said pawl, in turn, raises the detent pawl 47 out of operative engagement. The corresponding cam tongue at the right end of the control bar isconcurrently disengaged from the right-hand pawl, so that the latter comes into engagement with the associated ratchetwheel;

Thus, in the continued operation, the reciprocation of the universal bar edects step by step advance of the right-hand spool, gathering the ribbon thereonu from the left-hand spool, and as the latter approaches exhaustion, the descent of the cam 66 following the inward movement of the feeler arm 58, disengages awl 68 from notch 71 to permit return shift bar at the appropriate time. Preferably manually actuated release lever arms 72 are pivoted near the ends of the control bar, each retained by a coil spring 73 wound thereabout in elevated position away from the corresponding locking pawl 68 and each provided with a linger iece 74 throu h which it can be depressedp to disenga e tlie corresponding .locking pawl, in or er to Kermit reverse, or adjustment of the ribbon,

y a manual action at any stage in the operation.

Spool holders-dn the preferred embodiment, special spool holders are provided by which the application and removal of the spools is rendered easy. One form of such holder is shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13. lln

this form, stud 30 is bifurcated as at 75, a-

transverse pin 76 therethrough serving as a pivot for a locking arm 77 lodged within the bifurcation. A single turnl of spring wire 78 rests in a ri heral groove 79 in the stud and enten a ut the tail end 80 of the loclming arm, the end of said wire of the control l Abeing bent inwardly as at 81 and extendin into the space between the legs of the stu The tail end of the locking arm is reduced, as shown, so that the spring 78 in snugly engaging the bottom of groove 79 urges the nom 82 of the locking arm laterally into locking position, as shown. rlhe locking lever nose has a beveled @die 83, so `that as the hub 84 of the spool is s 'pped thereover upon the stud 30, the locking ,arm nose will automatically shift inward to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 11 and after the spool is completely in place, the spring 78 urges the lockinor lever outward to cause the nose 82 to overlap the face of the spml,

'thus retaining it in position against undesired removal. By simply shiftin the locking arm manually to the dotte line position, the spool can be withdrawn .by a direct pull thereon. The spool and stud are provided with the usual key connection or its equivalent to rotate in unison.

ln the alternate form of spool locking element shown in Fi 14, the locking arm is similarly pivoted 1n the stud, but instead of the coll spring, l here employ a leaf spring 78 fittin at one end 85 in a corresponding socket 1n the base of the stud and soldered at the other end in the tail 86 of the locking arm, the spring having a bias to urge the tongue toward the locking position.

Line spacer.

A preferred form of line spacer is shown in Figs. 1 to 5, and includes the usual ratchet wheel 87 upon the platen 88. rllhe actuating mechanism therefor comprises an operating lever 89 preferably of sheet metal, having a handle or thumb-piece 90. A vertical axle pin 91 mounted in corresponding lugs 92 in the carriage frame,serves as the pivot axis for the lever 89, which is formed with integral lugs 93, through which the axle pin 91 passes. A spring 94 encircling the axle pin reacts at one end 95 against the carriage frame 96 and at the other against the arm 89 of the operating lever, thus, maintaining the latter normally in the outer position shown in Fig. 2. Projecting laterally from the arm is an integral rocker lug 93 fitting between the prongs of the forked end 97 of a transmittin lever 98, which is pivoted to the frame a out a horizontal axls 99. rllhe transmitting arm 98 has pivoted to the outer end thereof. a pawl 100 brought into permanent coaction with the ratchet wheel by a leaf spring 101 fixed at one end to the transmitting lever and reacting at its free end against an integral lug 102 projecting from the pivoted end of the pawl and normally pressed by said spring against the carriage frame. To determine the advance for single space or double space, as the case may be, l provide a special stop for the transmitting lever 98 comprising a stop lever 103 pivoted near its middle, as at 104 and having a pin 105 extending into a notch 106 in tlie carriage frame, the projecting end 107 of the lever being readily accessi )le to the finger, for positioning it at either the extremity 108 of the notch, as shown in Fig. 4 or at the opposite extremity 109, as shown in Fig. 5. In the former position, that is, the position shown in Fig. 4, the main length of the transmitting leveris limited, as shown .in dotted lines, to a displacement corresponding to the rotation of the platen through the Width of a single 'line for single spacing. In Fig. 5, the stop lever 1 03 is shown at 'the opposite extremity of the notch, in

/' which, it is aligned with a notch 110 near the end of the transmitting arm 98 to permit displacement of the arm through a greater range'for effecting rotation of the platen through the width of two lines for double spacing. To prevent over-running, I provlde a familiar form of detent for coaction with the ratchet wheel, said detent comprising a roller 111 mounted at the end of a stiif spring arm 112 and pressed thereb into coaction with teeth of the ratchet Vwheef. When it is desired to rotate the platen through an angle greater than that corresponding to double spacing, the detent need merely be raised to inoperative position, whereupon the platen 88 can be freely turned. For this purpose, a special detent holder arm 113 is provided, pivoted to the frame and having a notch 114 in its side for lodging the roller, as best shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5.

The operation of the line spacing mechanism will be apparent from the above description. It lconsists simply in deflecting the thumb piece laterally in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2, whereupon `the rocker lug 96 on operating lever 89 will move the fork 97 on the transmitting lever 98 in counterclockwise direction to raise the transmitting lever` with the awl to rotate the ratchet wheel 87 and with it the platen until the transmitting arm is arrested by the stop lug 103,` the range of displacement being through one space when the stopv lug is set in the position shown in Fig. 4, in whiehit lies in the path of the main length of the transmission arm, while when in the position shown in Fig. 5, the greater displacement for double spacing is permitted, as is apparent. When the thumb piece 90 is released, spring 94 returns the operating lever to the original position shown in Fig. 2.

Paper clips, bell, carriage Zack ami margimal release.

Mounted on the carriage frame in pivots 115 for rotary adjustment about its longitudinal axis is a rectangular bar 116. Near opposite ends of the bar are adjustably mounted identical paper clips preferably of simple sheet metal construction now to be described, held in coaction with thc platen by the action of a coil spring 116 at one end of the i zr. The clip at the right includes a sheet metal blank 117 bent, as shown in Fig. 17, including a pair of anchoring loops 118, snugly embracing tnc rect-angular bar 116 and an integral index pointer 119 to assist in positioning. Integral ears 120 are formed near the upper end of the clip to serve as supports for a roller 121, journaled therein to contact the paper. The blank described, serves as a holder for a locking lever 122 pivoted thereon as at 123, and provided with an integral arm 124 hang a tooth 125 thereon to lit into any of the succession of notches 126 in the bar, and retained therein by the pressure of a leaf spring 127 anchored at one end between one of the loops 118 and the bar 116, as shown in Fig. l5, and reacting against a lug 127 on the lever 122, to maintain said lug against th.n upper edge of a slot 128 in the holder clip into which it projects. The locking lever also "as 'an integral oblique projection 146 through which the bell and margin lock element are actuated in a manner to be described below. A linger piece 129 is formed integral with the locking lever 122 and serves for depressing the tooth out of engagement with the notches 126 to permit release and shift of the clip 117 for positioning the same. The paper holding clip at the left is substantially identical with that described, the notches 120 on the bar at the left being, as usual, triangular to permit ratcheting of the clip toward the right for clipping a narrow sheet, such as an envelo e.

Eine bell 131 is of usual construction, but is preferably actuated through linkage of special character now to be described. This linkage comprises a lever 132 formed as shown in the drawings. and pivoted as at 133 to a lug 134 on the frame and including a horizontal arm 135 to which is pivoted an operating tooth 136 retained by a spring 137 in t-h'e position shown in the drawings. against the shoulder 138 on the lever. Pivoted to the. lower end of lever 132 is the hammer element 139, a. spring 140 anchored at one end to the hammer and at the other to the free end of-the lever. serving to normally retain a lug 142 formed integral with the hammer, against the lever end 141. A coil spring 143 is anchored, at one end to the frame and at the other to an integral lug 144 on lever 132. to main tain said lug in the position shown in the drawings, against shoulder 145 on the frame. As the platen moves toward the aaoaaaa yleft normal operation, the operatinglug 146 on the paper clip is brought into engement with the pawl 136 and'in the further movement thereof, shifts said pawl and with it the lever 132 about pivot 133 as an axis against the resistance of spring 143to elevate the hammer 139, until in the continued movement of the platen and with it of the paper clip, the pawl 136 is suddenly released, whereupon the spring 143 returns the lever 132 to its. initial position, where it is sharp-ly arrested b contact of lug 144 against shoulder 145. he hammer 139, however, continues its advance by inertia against the opposition of spring 140, ll the lever 132 is thus arrested to strike bell 1 31 once, whereupon the spring 140 lengthwise of edge 15G-thereof.4 'l'he car-- i ringe lock pawl has an opstanding oblique tooth 151 in the path of oblique lug 146 on the clip, so that as the latter is brought into enga ement with said tooth in the approach o the carriage toward the end of tha-line, it eHects shifting of said lock pawl 148 against the resistance of spring 149, to urge tooth 151 -into the notch 126 then aligned therewith, in order to lock the can riage against further advance. The carriage lock pawl 148 serves, moreover, to block the operation of. the universal bar, ao that the type bars cannot rise suiciently to strike the platen, if a key be depressed when the carriage is thus locked. For this purpose, l employ a lever 152 pivoted to te segment 27 as at 153 and having a lug lnormally urged by a spring 155 toward a downwardly extending arm 156 on the carriage lock pawl 148, but arrested by contact Wlth pin 155. Lever 152 has a second up 157 at its lower end normally to the l of a lug 158 formed integral with the Aiversal barl 42. 1When the carriage lock pawl is in locking position, it will be seen that the lever 152 is shifted by arm 156, lug 157 being thus brought immediately in ont of lug 158, in the path of displaceent of the universal bar, so that the latter cannot bedis laced.

".lhus, in t e shift of the carriage, the aatuating lug 146 on the clip first effects aging of the bell and after continued ovement of the carriage through a few additional spaces, the carriage lock pawl lis aated both to restrain the carriage against further displacement and to block the versal bar and consequently render the mechanism inoperative until the carriage has been returned toward the right. lin the return of the platen, spring 149 reythe usual drive spring (not shown).

stores the carriage lock pawl 148 to its inoperative position and spring 155 returns lever 152 to free theuniversal bar, as in Fig. 15. lln the return movement of the platen, the operating lug 146 readily passes over the pivoted tooth 136 on the bell actuating lever, which yields against the resistance of its holding spring 137, without ed'ecting any substantial displacement of the lever 132, and, therefore, without ringin the bell. The clip 117 at the left is similar to that at the right, except that .the actuating tongue or lug 146 thereon is near the center thereof to engage hook or tooth 159 at -the left end of the carriage lock paw] 148 and to urge said hook into a notch of the bar 116 to limit the return of the carriage. To eect marginal release, after the carrlage is locked, it is merely necessary to depress finger piece 160 on frame bar 147 which is pivoted at its ends as at 161. By this operation, carriage lock pawl 148 is disengaged from bar 116 and disposed out of the range of lever 152, so that the spring 155 will expand to release the universal bar. 1n the preferred embodiment, the carriage 96 is advanced through a rack 162 carried thereby meshing with a pinion (not shown) on the carriage base plate 163, actuated through the escapement best shown in my copending application above referred to. 'llhe rack is supported by lever arms 164 pivoted to the carriage as at 165 and provided with a finger piece 166 upon depression of which the rack is elevated out of engagement with the pinion to permit return of the carriage under the expansionrf e usual adjustable tabulatin stops 167 are provided on a longitudinal y pivoted shaft 168 on the carriage frame, said shaft having mounted thereon a lug 169 for raising the rack 162. 'llhe tabulating stop is actuated through the usual tabulating key lever 170, Which.operates through pitman 171 to shift arm 172 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 10. Arm 172 is rigid with shaft 168 to rotate the latter, for positioning the tabulating stop 167 in the path of the corresponding lug 173 on the movable carriage and substantially concurrently therewith elevating the rack 162'out of engagement with its associated pinion, so that the carriage will automatically move under the expansion of the drive spring until it is arrested by the tabulating stop.

To facilitate assembly, the arm 172 rigld with the shaft 1-68 is arranged to be read' ily attached to the pitman 171, after the carriagehas been mounted upon the base. For this purpose, vll provide a pin 175 at the end of the arm 172 to be straddled by the hooked end 176 of pitman 171. For preventing undesired separation between itman and arm, a coil spring 17 6 is provide ,anchored upon all a screw 177 on the pitman, a loop 178 on said spring extending along the straddling face of hook 176, said loop having a restricted neck 179 past which the pin 17 5 is snapped into the loop, to effect the connection. The assembly of thedevice is effected, as will be apparent by mounting the carriage aembly upon the base in the manner described in my copending application above' referred to, mounting the frame structure, comprising the'rstandards 26, segment plate 27 and ribbon mechanism, upon lugs 25 and securing it as already described, and effectin the connection of the tabulatin mechanlsm, by simply straddling the hooked end of pitman 171 over pin 175 on arm 172 and a-pplying pressure to snap the spring loop 178 into locking position.

It will be noted that I have thus provided a typewriting mechanism of simple, light and compact construction, which can .be readily assembled and which performs substantially vall of the operations of an ordinary typewriter of larger, heavier and more complex construction. The mechanism has a standard keyboard and includes automatic ribbon shift and ribbon reversing mechanism, as well as adjustable line spacing mechanism, a bell, marginal release and tabulating mechanism. In operation all of the parts are readily and conveniently accessible, the ribbon spools being in inobtrusive, yet readily accessible position in the side of the frame, and the line spacin operating thumb iece .projects laterally o? the platen for ready rand convenient access.

Although the frame 19 and the auxiliary frame structure including standards 26, .may be cast lmetal, and the enclosure 20, 21, 36 of stamped metal, it is preferred to form all of these elements offibre or wood iinpregnated with phenol condensation product or the like, according 4to known processes, which renders the product durable and prevents distortion or destruction under heat, moisture, and the usual mechanical impact incurred in typewriting machines. With the'ibrous elements set forth, the machine is rendered more silent in operation, in that, the structural supports Will damp the vibrations of the mechanism, and the fibrous enclosure Will eliminate the sound board amplifying effect, sometimes inherent in metal enclosed typewriting machines.

It will thus be seen that there is herein described apparatus in which the several features of this invention are embodied, and which apparatus in its action attains the various objects of the inventionl and is Well suited to meet the requirements of practical use.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this inven .spool mounting means thereon, and means securing said standards upon said base frame.

2. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a separable frame comprising a pair of standards, a segment plate .connecting said standards into a unitary structure, horizontal axles projecting from the ends of said structure to sustain ribbon spools with the faces thereof in vertical planes, said base frame having support means near the opposite ends thereof for sustainingthe standards of said structure, and means detachably securing said standards to said base frame.

3. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a separable frame comprising a pair of standards and a segment plate secured to and connecting said standards into a unitary structure, each of said standards having ribbon spool mounting means thereon, means securing said standards upon said base frame, and automatic ribbon reversing mechanism carried by said structure.

4. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a separable frame comprising a pair of standards and a segment plate connecting said standards into a unitary structure, horizontal supporting axles projecting from the ends of said structure to sustain ribbon spools with the faces thereof in vertical planes, said base frame having support means near the opposite ends thereof for sustaining the standards of said structure, means detachably securing said standards to said base frame, ribbon revers ing mechanism carried by said structure, said mechanism including a control bar ex tending transversely across the width of said structure, and operating mechanism controlled by the diameter of ribbon on the spool for effecting shift thereof.

5. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a frame structure detachably mounted thereon, a cover having side Walls, and axles on said frame structure near opposite ends thereof and at right angles to said side .Walls for releasably mounting the ribbon spools with the faces rmi Lucarne thereof substantially in the planes of said side walls whereby said spools are readily accessible for removal from said axles.

6. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a cover therefor having side walls, a frame structure detachably mounted upon said base frame, said structure having horizontal su port axles near the opposite ends thereof or ribbon spools, said side walls being cut a`way for accommodating the ribbon spools substantially flush therewith.

7 ln a typewriting machine,4v in combination,va base frame, a separable frame structure mounted thereon landincluding a segment plate, and a universal bar associated with said segment plate, said frame structure having ribbon spool mounting means thereon. v

8. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a frame structurel'detachably mounted thereon, said frame structure extending transversely across the machine and having supports for sustaining ribbon spools with their faces in substantially vertical planes, cover means for said typewriter having side walls substantially in the planes of the spool faces, said separable frame structure having a cover portion complementary to the top of said,coveraord ing assages for the ribbon to and from the spoo s, and guide hooks for the ribbon carried by said structure. i

9.In a typewriting machine, in combination, a base frame, a pair of standards, a segment plate connecting said standards into a unitary separable frame structure, means detachably securing said frame structure upon said base frame, each of said standards having a horizontal axle thereon for a riblon spool, a cover for said typewriter, said standards having cover extensions complementary to the top of said cover affording slits for the passage of the typewriter ribbon, guide hooks on said cover extensions to direct the ribbon into the path of the type, and automatic ribbon reversing mechanism carried by said structure.

10. lin a typewriting machine, in combination, a separable frame structure comprising a pair of identical standards, a segment plate connecting said standards, ribbon spool support axles extendin' horizontally fromI opposite ends of sai frame structure, and guide hooks on said standards for directing the ribbon in operation.

l1l. A ribbon reverse mechanism compris ing in combination, a pair of spools, a universal bar, pawls connected to said bar,

ratchet wheels coaxial with said spools for fr coaction with said pawls, a control bar extending across the machine and coactlng member, a shift member actuated from said pivot post when said feeler member reaches a predetermined position as the diameter of `the ribbon spool increases, said shift member coacting with said control member to urge the samefor ribbon reverse, and a lock lever controlled from said pivot post to lock the control bar in fixed position for the reverse o eration.

12. n a typewriting mechanism, in combination, a pair of ribbon spools in parallel vertical planes operating pawls therefor, automatic reversingactuating means therefor comprising a control bar, extendin transversel of the mechanism between sai pawls at right angles -to said spools, ribbon advancing pawls interlocked by said control bar, so that only one is in operative position at a time, locking pawls near opposite ends `of said frame for coaction with said control bar, shifting arms near opposite ends of said frame for actuating the control bar, control arms associated with said ribbon s ools and pivoted parallel to the axisthereo and controlled by the thickness of ribbon thereon, each of said control arms coactin with the corresponding locking pawl an shifting arm.

13. ln a ribbon reverse mechanism, in combination, a control bar, a locking lever coacting with a notch therein, a releasing lever pivoted to' said control bar, spring means urging said releasing lever out of c oaction with said locking lever, said releasing lever having a finger piece by which it may be displaced about its pivot against the resistance of said spring to release said lockin lever from coaction with the notch in sai control bar.

14. ln a spool holder, in combination, a bifurcated axle stud, a lockingl lever extending longitudinally between t e legs of the stud and pivoted therein, and a spring ring encircling the stud and fitting into a clrcumferential groove therein and having a luv extending between 'the legs of the stud.

tSigned at New York, inthe county of N ew York and State of New York, thls 18th day of December, A.. D. 1922.

Louis a. Nnuoovsnr, 

